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<thead>
<tr>
<th>包名</th>
<th align="center">作用</th>
<th>相似</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>live-server</td>
<td align="center">web静态页面服务器（热更新）</td>
<td>puer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/vue-json-views">vue-json-views</a></td>
<td align="center">页面中显示JSON树</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h2 id="npm"><a href="#npm" class="headerlink" title="npm"></a>npm</h2><blockquote>
<p>npm初始化项目</p>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm init -y  # 生成package.json</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<blockquote>
<p>npm安装包</p>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install <span class="variable language_">module</span>-name --<span class="variable language_">global</span> | -g      <span class="comment">//全局安装 一般是工具</span></span><br><span class="line">npm install <span class="variable language_">module</span>-name --save | -S | 不加任何    <span class="comment">//自动把模块和版本号添加到dependencies(生产环境)部分</span></span><br><span class="line">npm install <span class="variable language_">module</span>-name --save-dev | -D   <span class="comment">//自动把模块和版本号添加到devDependencies(开发环境)部分,打包之后就没有用的依赖</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">npm install||i <span class="comment">//项目中 npm install 下载当前目录下package.json的所有包</span></span><br><span class="line">npm i --production <span class="comment">//只安装生成环境的包</span></span><br><span class="line">npm i git+<span class="attr">ssh</span>:<span class="comment">//git项目地址 //安装git项目</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">npm list <span class="comment">//依赖树</span></span><br><span class="line">npm list -g</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">npm rebuild  <span class="comment">//强制重新安装</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//查看当前node全局安装路径</span></span><br><span class="line">npm config get prefix / npm root -g</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//查看所有node版本公用全局安装路径</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">C</span>:\<span class="title class_">Users</span>\<span class="title class_">Administrator</span>\<span class="title class_">AppData</span>\<span class="title class_">Roaming</span>\npm</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">npm view jquery versions <span class="comment">//查看插件的所有版本 通过 jquery@x.x.x 安装指定版本</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">npm updata <span class="comment">//将配置文件中各个插件未锁定的版本位更新到最新</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">npm outdated <span class="comment">//查看过期包 (相同功能的第三方包 david)</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">npm cache clean --force <span class="comment">//清除npm缓存，安装错误之后建议清一下再装</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">npm config get registry  <span class="comment">//查看当前源</span></span><br><span class="line">npm config set registry <span class="attr">https</span>:<span class="comment">//registry.npm.taobao.org/  //设置淘宝源</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>安装生产环境依赖的模块，即项目运行时的模块，例如react，react-dom,vue,jQuery等类库或者框架<br>安装开发环境依赖的模块，即项目开发时的模块，例如babel、webpack等</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="npm-run-xxxx"><a href="#npm-run-xxxx" class="headerlink" title="npm run xxxx"></a>npm run xxxx</h3><blockquote>
<p>除了运行方便之外，script里还能执行 node_modules&#x2F;.bin 里的可执行文件软连接</p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="npm-缓存策略-package-lock-json"><a href="#npm-缓存策略-package-lock-json" class="headerlink" title="npm 缓存策略 package-lock.json"></a>npm 缓存策略 package-lock.json</h4><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm config get cache <span class="comment">//获取缓存存放位置</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><a href="../../../static/img/npm-package-lock.jpg">npm 安装原理</a></p>
<h3 id="npm版本号"><a href="#npm版本号" class="headerlink" title="npm版本号"></a>npm版本号</h3><p>版本符号:<br>^x.x.x 开头，锁定主版本<br>~x.x.x 开头，锁定主版本和次版本<br>x.x.x  全部锁定<br>星号或x  升级最新版本</p>
<h3 id="标准版本号"><a href="#标准版本号" class="headerlink" title="标准版本号"></a>标准版本号</h3><p>16.7.1<br>    16 是它的 Major，主版本号，通常只有在重构、API不向下兼容时才会进行升级。<br>     7 是它的 Minor， 次版本号，通常在增加向下兼容新特性时升级此版本号。<br>     1 是它的 Patch，修订号，通常在发布向下兼容的问题修复时更新</p>
<h3 id="先行版本号（pre-release"><a href="#先行版本号（pre-release" class="headerlink" title="先行版本号（pre-release)"></a>先行版本号（pre-release)</h3><p>16.7.1-alpha.1      一个短横线 + 一个字符串组成<br>                    内测、 公测、 生产候选 等种版本形式<br>                    16.7.1-alpha.1 的版本号是 小于 16.7.1<br>                    16.7.1-alpha.1 是 16.7.1 的内测版本</p>
<p>约定的三种方式<br>    16.7.1-alpha.1 ：16.7.1 内测的第一个版本<br>    16.7.1-beta.1 ：16.7.1 灰度测试的第一个版本<br>    16.7.1-rc.1 ：16.7.1 生产候选的第一个版本</p>
<pre><code>16.7.1-alpha.1 &lt; 16.7.1-beta.1 &lt; 16.7.1-rc.1 &lt; 16.7.1
</code></pre>
<p>vue@latest<br>    beta ： 灰度测试版本，当前匹配 3.2.34-beta.1<br>    latest ：3.2.37 最新正式版<br>    next ： 3.2.36 下一代版本（在vue4出来前暂时没啥用了）<br>    preview ： 3.0.3 预览版<br>    csp：内容安全版本<br>    legacy：历史稳定版</p>
<h3 id="自定义npm包"><a href="#自定义npm包" class="headerlink" title="自定义npm包"></a>自定义npm包</h3><ol>
<li>npmjs.com 注册账户</li>
<li>包的目录下npm adduser，输入用户名、密码、邮箱（源是<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://registry.npmjs.org/%E6%89%8D%E8%A1%8C%EF%BC%89">https://registry.npmjs.org/才行）</a></li>
<li>npm publish</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="npm脚本"><a href="#npm脚本" class="headerlink" title="npm脚本"></a>npm脚本</h3><figure class="highlight json"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="punctuation">&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">&quot;scripts&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">:</span><span class="punctuation">&#123;</span> </span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">&quot;start&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">:</span><span class="string">&quot;node -v&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">,</span> <span class="comment">//值可设置一切命令行可运行的命令</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">&quot;test1&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">:</span><span class="string">&quot;node ./script.js &amp; ./node script2.js&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">,</span> <span class="comment">//并行执行</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">&quot;test2&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">:</span><span class="string">&quot;node ./script.js &amp;&amp; ./node script2.js&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">,</span> <span class="comment">//串行执行 script.js执行完才会执行2</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">&quot;test3&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">:</span><span class="string">&quot;echo $npm_package_config_env&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">,</span> <span class="comment">//命令行中使用config定义的变量</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="punctuation">,</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">&quot;config&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">:</span> <span class="punctuation">&#123;</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="attr">&quot;env&quot;</span><span class="punctuation">:</span> <span class="string">&quot;envvalue&quot;</span> <span class="comment">//通过脚步运行js文件才能同过 process.env.npm_package_config_env 获取到</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="punctuation">,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="punctuation">&#125;</span></span><br><span class="line">npm run test1 <span class="comment">//运行（start、test等可以简写不需要run）</span></span><br><span class="line">npm start</span><br><span class="line">npm test</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="yarn"><a href="#yarn" class="headerlink" title="yarn"></a>yarn</h2><ul>
<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://yarn.bootcss.com/docs/usage/">yarn</a></li>
<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.jianshu.com/p/59e990b90483">简书</a></li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">yarn global add puer </span><br><span class="line">yarn global remove puer</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">yarn global dir # 查看yarn全局安装模块路径</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="pnpm"><a href="#pnpm" class="headerlink" title="pnpm"></a>pnpm</h2><h2 id="nrm-访问源管理器"><a href="#nrm-访问源管理器" class="headerlink" title="nrm 访问源管理器"></a>nrm 访问源管理器</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install nrm -g</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">nrm ls //查看可用源</span><br><span class="line">nrm use taoba //切换源</span><br><span class="line">nrm test //测试速度</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="npx-npm5-2-新增自带"><a href="#npx-npm5-2-新增自带" class="headerlink" title="npx npm5.2 新增自带"></a>npx npm5.2 新增自带</h2><figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">npm 5.2后自带</span></span><br><span class="line">npx gulp -v</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">默认先找项目中是否有gulp</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">再找本地全局是否有gulp</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta prompt_"># </span><span class="language-bash">都没有的话会自带下载gulp，存在临时文件夹中用完自动销毁</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">npx --no-install gulp -v # 只能有本地的不允许自动安装</span><br><span class="line">npx --ignore-existing gulp -v # 只能直接安装，不允许使用本地安装的版本</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

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href="#npm-%E7%BC%93%E5%AD%98%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5-package-lock-json"><span class="toc-number">1.1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">npm 缓存策略 package-lock.json</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#npm%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%E5%8F%B7"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">npm版本号</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%E5%8F%B7"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">标准版本号</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%85%88%E8%A1%8C%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%E5%8F%B7%EF%BC%88pre-release"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">先行版本号（pre-release)</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89npm%E5%8C%85"><span class="toc-number">1.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">自定义npm包</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#npm%E8%84%9A%E6%9C%AC"><span class="toc-number">1.6.</span> <span class="toc-text">npm脚本</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#yarn"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">yarn</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#pnpm"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text">pnpm</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#nrm-%E8%AE%BF%E9%97%AE%E6%BA%90%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%99%A8"><span class="toc-number">4.</span> <span class="toc-text">nrm 访问源管理器</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#npx-npm5-2-%E6%96%B0%E5%A2%9E%E8%87%AA%E5%B8%A6"><span class="toc-number">5.</span> <span class="toc-text">npx npm5.2 新增自带</span></a></li></ol></div></div><div class="card-widget card-recent-post"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-history"></i><span>最新文章</span></div><div class="aside-list"><div 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